According to the federal law regulating the use of electronic signatures, three types can be used to identify an individual or organization.
One of these types is an enhanced qualified electronic signature, which, from a legal point of view, is the most secure version of signatures of this type.
Such a signature is created by using cryptography tools certified by the FSB.
Moreover, this signature must have a special document -. The latter is issued by a certifying institution that has undergone the accreditation procedure.
It is this document that can guarantee that electronic . A qualified signature is authentic until a court decides otherwise.
The need and areas of use of a qualified digital signature are determined at the level current legislation. So, this kind of tool is used:
in the course of cooperation with bodies created by . We are talking primarily about the tax service - the body that carries out financial monitoring, and about other government agencies equivalent to it.
Basically, an electronic signature may be needed when submitting various reports to the above authorities;
is carried out by specialists of the certification company, who also create special digital key certificates and issue these documents to customers.
In addition, it is the specific accredited certification center that determines the period during which the certificate issued by it will be valid.
When an applicant applies, specialists create digital signature keys for him, including keys for verifying these signatures. The certifying organization is obliged to notify the client in writing about the specific rules for the use of qualified electronic signatures, as well as about the risks that may arise when using them.
The center’s specialists must also tell the customer about the measures necessary to ensure the security of such signatures.
The responsibilities of the certification center also include ensuring maximum confidentiality of electronic signature keys. The specialists of this organization check qualified electronic signatures and ensure interaction between clients, as well as trusted representatives with the management center itself.
The conclusion of an agreement for the provision of services by an accredited management company is a public agreement.
Only those centers that have passed the accreditation procedure have the right to issue a qualified electronic signature certificate.
It is worth noting that this procedure is carried out exclusively on a voluntary basis. The accreditation certificate is five years.
This procedure is performed only if the organization has net assets worth at least one million rubles.
In addition, the center must have means for creating electronic signatures that have received appropriate confirmation from the security service.
Finally, the company must have at least two employees directly involved in the creation and issuance of electronic key certificates to clients.
What is a qualified electronic signature certificate?
Such a certificate is a kind of guarantee of the authenticity of an electronic signature of a qualified type. This document is created using the means of a certification organization.
The certificate contains information about its number (this number is unique), the validity period, the last name, first name and patronymic of the person who owns the certificate (if the owner is an organization, then its location is indicated).
In addition, the document must indicate the key for verifying the electronic signature, the exact names of electronic signature means, the location of the accredited certification center, as well as possible restrictions on the use of the certificate, if any.
What is needed to use a qualified electronic digital signature?
If the owner wants to sign a particular official document with an electronic signature, he must have the following:
How to make a qualified one? To do this, you must personally come to the certification company. To receive services, the client must fill out a special application.
In addition, the applicant for signature must present his passport. If a legal entity receives the signature, then constituent documents are submitted on its behalf.
If a person receives a signature, in order to participate in online auctions, he must have with him an extract (in the original or a copy certified by a notary) from the body responsible for registering legal entities and individual entrepreneurs.
In this case, this document must be issued at least six months before the signature is received.
In addition, when ordering a signature, you must provide SNILS, as well as a power of attorney to receive it in the event that the individual key will be taken by an authorized person and not the owner himself.
As a rule, most certification companies produce qualified signatures within a period not exceeding two days. After this period, the owner of the CEP is provided with a key, which includes a unique sequence of certain symbols. In addition, he receives a key to verify this information.
To ensure security, the owner must use the signature only in those areas that are directly stated in the attached certificate.
In addition, the owner must ensure the confidentiality of the key. You can learn about the privacy rules from the employees of the certification organization.
If the confidentiality of the key has been violated, the client must immediately notify the employees of the certification company, as well as other participants. electronic document management.
You should not use a signature if its certificate has been revoked or its validity has been suspended for some reason. If you have any questions, please contact the certificate issuing center.
Thus, an electronic signature in its qualified version is a signature whose legal significance is equal to the legal force of a handwritten signature placed on paper.
Such details are currently successfully used in electronic document management in many areas of economic activity.
Capacitors KEP-6.3-25-2UHL5 are intended for use in explosion-proof electrical equipment of underground power supply systems in mines and mines and for increasing the power factor of alternating current electrical installations with a frequency of 50 and 60 Hz.
KEP-6.3-25-2UHL5:
K - to increase the power factor;
E - impregnation with environmentally friendly synthetic liquid;
P - film;
6.3 - rated voltage, kV;
25 - rated power, kvar;
2 - number of isolated pins;
UHL5 - climatic version and placement category according to GOST
15150-69.
Ambient temperature from minus 10 to 60°C. Relative ambient humidity 98% at 35°C with condensation. An environment that does not contain conductive dust, corrosive gases and vapors in concentrations that destroy metals and insulation. Safety requirements according to GOST 12.1. 004-85, GOST 12.2.007.0-75 and GOST 12.2.007.5-75. Capacitors for domestic and export supplies comply with the requirements of TU 16-89 IBDM.673125.001 TU. TU 16-89 IBDM.673125.001 TU
Rated voltage, kV - 6.3 Rated power, kvar - 25 Limit deviations of the capacitor capacitance from the nominal value at a temperature of 20°C, % - -5 and +10 Rated current frequency, Hz - 50 Dielectric loss tangent of the capacitor at a temperature of 85°C , no more - 10 - 3 Weight, kg - 10 Warranty period- 3 years from the date of commissioning. For export deliveries - 3 years from the date of commissioning, but no more than 3.5 years from the moment of passage across the state border.
Main structural elements The capacitor consists of a housing, a cover with leads and a removable package. The capacitor housing is welded from sheet steel. On the housing there are brackets for fastening at the installation site and for moving the capacitor, one of which has a bolt for grounding. The cover, stamped from sheet steel, is hermetically welded to the body. On the cap of the capacitor there are two terminals isolated from the housing. The package is assembled from sections with parallel-serial connection in the package. Discharge resistors are installed between the terminals inside the capacitor. The capacitor is impregnated with environmentally friendly liquid. General view, overall, installation connection dimensions are shown in the figure.
General view, overall, installation and connection dimensions of the capacitor KEP-6.3-25-2UHL5: 1 - housing;
2 - bracket for transporting the capacitor;
3 - cover;
4 - electrical terminals;
5 - M8 grounding bolt
The delivery set includes: capacitor, technical description and operating instructions - 1 copy. when sending products to one address or another quantity specified in the order.
The law provides for two types of electronic signatures: simple and enhanced. The latter has two forms: qualified and unqualified.
A simple electronic signature is a combination of login and password and confirms that the electronic message was sent by a specific person.
An enhanced unqualified signature not only identifies the sender, but also confirms that the document has not been changed since the moment it was signed. A message with a simple or unqualified electronic signature can (by prior agreement of the parties and in cases specifically provided for by law) be equated to a paper document signed personally.
An enhanced qualified electronic signature is confirmed by a certificate from an accredited certification center and in all cases is equal to a paper document with a “living” signature.
In order for an electronic document to be considered signed with a simple electronic signature, one of the following conditions must be met:
At the same time, the law does not specify who exactly can be the owner of a simple electronic signature key, but establishes restrictions on its use. A simple electronic signature clearly cannot be used when signing electronic documents containing information constituting state secrets, or in information system containing information constituting a state secret.
Regulatory legal acts and (or) agreements between participants in electronic interaction establishing cases of recognizing electronic documents signed with a simple electronic signature as equivalent to paper documents signed with a handwritten signature must provide, in particular:
In turn, enhanced unqualified and enhanced qualified electronic signatures are obtained as a result of cryptographic transformation of information using the electronic signature key,
allow you to identify the person who signed the electronic document,
allow you to detect the fact of making changes to an electronic document after its signing,
are created using electronic signature tools.
A qualified electronic signature, along with the above characteristics, must meet the following additional characteristics:
At the same time, the main difference between a qualified electronic signature verification key certificate is that it must be issued by an accredited certification center or an authorized representative of an accredited certification center.
Information in electronic form signed with a qualified electronic signature is recognized as an electronic document equivalent to a paper document signed with a handwritten signature, unless federal laws or regulatory legal acts adopted in accordance with them establish a requirement for the need to draw up a document exclusively on paper.
Electronic digital signature- This is an analogue of a manual signature on a document, only in the form of a digital code. It is created using a special computer program and is used to sign documents electronically. The signature is intended to confirm the authenticity of the document and its ownership by a specific person.
For example, now it is not necessary to go to the tax office and stand in line to register an online cash register. To do this, it is enough to obtain a qualified electronic signature and issue necessary documents online.
In all cases when you need to sign a document remotely and send it to government authorities, commercial organization or an individual, an electronic digital signature is used.
There are several types of digital signature. In the article we will tell you which signatures are needed for individuals and which for individual entrepreneurs. You will learn how to make an electronic signature for government services, tax services and the Post Office.
What you will learn about:
63-FZ divides electronic signatures into categories:
Simple signature created for free and in just a couple of minutes. Usually with the participation of service representatives where required.
A simple digital signature is created by individuals:
Does such a digital signature have legal force? Yes, if its use is specified in a special contract agreement, which contains information about the rules. In particular, the signatory must be warned that under no circumstances should they talk about the login password.
Users receive a simple signature, usually during a visit to the operator. For example, you can make an electronic signature for State Services only when visiting the MFC or village administration.
Unqualified electronic signature is done thanks to the crypto key. It will be required when organizing electronic document management within the company. You can make such a signature yourself or use the services of any certification center.
The NEP will also be required for individuals to send notifications to the tax service.
Qualified electronic signature differs from unqualified only in that:
Qualified signature – prerequisite when submitting reports and sending documents to the Federal Tax Service online. It will be requested if you want to start EDI with external companies. For example, such a signature will be needed to work in the tobacco labeling system or EGAIS.
You can put goods on balance in EGAIS using the online cash register program from Business.Ru. With it you can sell both strong alcohol and draft drinks, manage purchases and analyze revenue.
The cost of producing a qualified signature is from 1.5 thousand rubles.
Learn more about obtaining an electronic signature for the sale of alcohol
Below we will figure out what kind of electronic signature is needed to work in government services and tax services, as well as to receive parcels and registered letters from the Russian Post.
Both individuals and companies will need a digital signature to work with government services. Which signature is required depends on what exactly you are going to do and what services you will receive using the State Services portal.
You can make an electronic signature before and after registering on the site. However, we advise you to first register in order to study the site in advance and understand whether it is possible, in principle, to obtain the required service there.
You need to take your passport and SNILS to the MFC, the nearest branch of the Russian Post or the district administration (if we are talking about a village). There will be specialists there who will confirm your identity and account on the portal. If you don’t have an “account” yet, then MFC employees or administration specialists will create one for you.
Such confirmation is called a simple electronic signature. From now on you can order services on the portal.
You can create a qualified signature for State Services only at a certification center. A list of such centers is available on the website gosuslugi.ru:
As you can see from the screenshot, you need to select the city you are in, as well as your accreditation status.
Ordinary people who are not individual entrepreneurs are allowed to send 3-NFDL and other documents via Personal account on the department's website.
One condition: a non-qualified electronic signature (NES) is required, which can be done for free through the same Personal Account. The key can be stored both with the help of the Federal Tax Service and on the user’s computer. The second option is more convenient.
During the process of creating an electronic signature, you will be prompted to install ViPNet Local Signature Service software on your PC. Please note that this program does not work with OS Linux.
When generating a digital signature on the tax website, you will need:
The validity period of the NEP for the tax authorities is 1 year. After this, you must go through the same procedure again in your Personal Account.
How to make an electronic signature for the tax office yourself
You can conduct analytics and full-fledged warehouse accounting in the online cash register program from Business.Ru. Set up cashier rights, program discounts, and easily publish information on receipts for customers.
You can make an electronic signature for an individual entrepreneur only at special certification centers, as specified in 63-FZ. A list of points throughout Russia is available on the website of the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation (www.minsvyaz.ru).
The selected center must be visited in person, or sent by an official representative by proxy.
You must have at least the following package of documents with you:
Other documents may also be needed - the list of them must be clarified in the center with which you are going to cooperate.
For more information on how to obtain an electronic signature for an online cash register,
To work with Russian Post without a passport, expedited receipt of parcels and registered letters, we recommend making an electronic signature. In addition, the signature required is as simple as possible.
The form can be filled out if the user is registered on the Russian Post website. If it is difficult for you to do this, you can visit any Post Office and fill out the form in person.
The simplest and most obvious option is to create an electronic signature for free using Word or another MS Office program.
To do this, select the “Insert” tab and click the “MS Office Signature Line” button.
After this, a signature will appear. This way you can sign documents created in Word.
Another way to create a signature in Word is to go to the “File” tab, then click “Document Protection” and select the “Add Digital Signature” line.
The signature in Word is not popular, since it is only suitable for documents made in this editor.
Electronic signatures created independently in the Karma program are more common. This is software from Russia that generates signatures for:
The advantage of the Karma program is the ability to show a graphic version of a signature or seal in printed documents. In this case, the version on paper will look organic, and others will not ask questions: “where is the signature.”
The Karma program uses a wizard to create an electronic digital signature, with which you need to select a signature certificate (from the list of proposed ones), a signature type, write a comment (if desired), come up with a name for the file and select a storage location.
Another function of the program is signature verification. Using a special service, you can check the information and certificate.
Please note that the digital signature created by Karma can only be used within a company. It is not accepted at the tax office or Russian Post.
When receiving an electronic signature at a special center, clarify the procedure for signing the document. You may be given a disc with special software. If the center left the choice of program up to you, install the most popular program - “Crypto Pro”.
To sign a regular document using a qualified electronic signature, you must:
