What do you need to trade on the stock exchange? How to trade on the Moscow exchange

Stock trading, investing or intermediation as ways to generate income are becoming increasingly popular in life modern man. This type of income is no longer the lot of only wealthy people; more and more ordinary citizens want to put into practice the concept of “money should bring money.” The secret of its attractiveness lies in the high profitability of this enterprise (sometimes tens of times higher than in a bank).

The stock market is where buyers and sellers meet. The goods, depending on the type of the exchange itself, can be currency, shares, options, raw materials, etc. The formula for making a profit is extremely simple: in order to always be “in the black,” you need to buy cheaper and then sell at a higher price.

But in order to know how to do this correctly, you need not just start playing, but study the “stock exchange science” in as much detail as possible, understand the principles of trading and analytical activities.

Only after serious preparation is it worthwhile to plunge headlong into the world of numbers and quotes, where you need to have strong nerves, carry out constant mental work, be moderately passionate, and be disciplined in everything. At the same time, beginners should not be afraid in advance, but relying only on luck will be unproductive.

The main task of an exchange player is to purchase currency at the minimum price and then obtain it at the maximum possible price. profitable sale. The difference between the purchase price and the price of the goods for sale will be trader's profit. Thus, the entire exchange process is of a speculative nature, and, therefore, unpredictable and fraught with risk.

Concept and types

An exchange is an organization that controls the market for financial instruments: securities(stocks and bonds), currency, commodities (oil, metals, grain, etc.), contracts (futures and options) and a number of others.

An exchange on which securities (stocks and bonds) are traded stock. This is the simplest, most popular and profitable financial instrument. The stock exchange system is a securities market in which transactions with real assets are carried out on agreed terms.

With low commissions, the stock exchange is an ideal platform for the novice trader. By purchasing securities of a company, a person becomes its shareholder, that is, he can receive dividends and then sell these shares at a profit when their price rises. In Russia, such transactions are concluded on Stock exchange RTS or MICEX . Access to trading is provided through brokers who buy and sell shares and keep records of transactions and transactions at the request of traders.

Commodity exchange– this is a place for the purchase and sale of various types of goods: precious metals (gold, silver, platinum, palladium), agricultural products (wheat, corn, legumes, coffee, cotton), natural minerals and their derivatives (gas, oil, gasoline) and etc. Transactions here are concluded with an expectation of future deliveries, for which a deposit of 10-20% is paid.

Then, even before the end of the delivery period, a reverse transaction is concluded - the sale of the purchased product, which in reality was never in the hands of the buyer. The price difference will be the profit. It is much easier to predict price movements for commodities than for currencies or stocks.

On futures exchange purchase and sale of futures contracts and options is carried out. The name of the exchange comes from the English word “future”, which means an obligation to purchase or sell a certain number of shares at a certain price in the future with payment of their collateral value.

This mechanism is similar to trading on a commodity exchange. The trader makes a security deposit of 10-20% of the real price for an obligation to buy or sell shares in the future for a certain price, which is then repaid by a counter contract. Since not the entire amount is deposited here, but only the collateral value, you can purchase more contracts than when trading on the stock exchange, and accordingly, earnings can be higher.

Through currency exchange Forex national currency is traded. The word “Forex” itself is an abbreviation of two words: Foreign Exchange, which translated from English means: “currency exchange”. With a minimum starting deposit of $10, you can already start trading. Market prices are taken as a basis, according to the exchange rate ratio established on the exchange.

The goal of such trading is to profitably buy a currency pair and then sell it at a higher price. Any type of Forex operations can be carried out using the Internet around the clock in real time from anywhere in the world.

If the trader’s goal is to make a quick profit, then the currency exchange will be the optimal choice; if he prefers a market with large volumes and lower risks, he should opt for the stock exchange.

The rules for making money on the Forex currency market are discussed in this video:

As a percentage (% per annum) profit margin between exchanges can be distributed like this (subject to successful trading):

  • Stock market – 20-50%, with margin lending – up to 100%;
  • Commodity exchange – 50-500%;
  • Futures exchange – 50-200%;
  • Currency exchange – 50-500%.

Return-risk ratio will be the highest on the currency exchange and the lowest on the stock exchange.

Where a beginner can start making money on the stock exchange is described in the following video:

Ways and methods of making money on exchanges

There are various ways and methods earning income on stock exchanges. A trader can participate in trading operations on the stock exchange independently, or transfer his assets to professionals (investment funds) for trust management. The most advanced way to make money is stock trading through robots - special computer programs that, according to a given algorithm, carry out trading instead of the trader.

Trading on the stock exchange is carried out through mediation– a brokerage firm that provides access to the exchange for a commission. The trader, receiving information from the broker, analyzes price fluctuations for his assets, draws up a strategy and opens transactions. To conclude transactions, the trader gives orders to the broker online. Communication between them is carried out via a trading terminal - a special program from the brokerage company’s website.

To generate income on the exchange, it is permissible to use three main strategies:

  • Investment , that is, the purchase of shares for a certain period (usually from 1 year) and the expectation of an increase in their value. The main condition for success is the choice of a reliable company from the blue chip category, the shares of which are characterized by high value. Before purchasing, an analysis of stock prices over the last 5 years is carried out. This is the least risky strategy: the shares provide for receiving dividends, even small ones, and if their value has fallen, you just need to wait for it to rise.
  • Trading – a popular and most profitable strategy. Assets are purchased for short term in order to extract maximum profit. Often, using the broker's borrowed funds, a short transaction is carried out: a certain number of shares are borrowed and immediately sold, then after their price decreases, the same amount is bought again and returned to the broker with a profit.
  • Arbitration allows you to find the difference between related assets, enter into a contract and make money on this difference. The advantage here is the almost complete absence of risks, but this strategy also involves a huge amount of analytical work and speed of reaction, which not everyone can achieve.

The following are distinguished: types of trade by time of holding an open position:

There are constant price fluctuations on the stock exchange: if they want to buy more, the price rises accordingly. If there are more offers for sale, then the price falls. Under trend the direction of price movement is understood, it can be upward (when the price rises), downward (the price falls) and sideways (the price remains the same).

People trading on the stock exchange, are divided into: bears – those who sell, hoping to then buy cheaper, and thus push the market down, and bulls – those who buy in order to sell at a higher price, and thus orient the market towards an increase. Accordingly, a long position is distinguished - long , that is, a purchase with the goal of then selling at a higher price, and a short position - shorts , that is, selling in order to buy cheaper.

The exchange player determines for himself key principle bidding: either making as many trades as possible, or increasing your earnings on fewer trades.

A trader’s earnings directly depend on the size of the invested amounts. It is most convenient to calculate it as a percentage of the starting capital. With good work and a low level of risks, this is an average of 5-10% per month of the amount in the account.

To successfully trade on the stock exchange, you should constantly analyze your workflow. In this case, use the following types of analysis, How:

  • fundamental – analysis of the asset from the position of balance sheets, for shares – the development trend of the company, for currency – the level of the economy in the country;
  • technical – analysis of an asset on a historical price movement chart, for which resistance and support lines and readings of various indicators are compared.

Profitable stock trading is always based on the formation of your own unique strategy. Each strategy is based on the study of the features and patterns of functioning of the exchange market.

If you have not yet registered an organization, then easiest way This can be done using online services that will help you generate all the necessary documents for free: If you already have an organization and you are thinking about how to simplify and automate accounting and reporting, then the following online services will come to the rescue and will completely replace an accountant at your enterprise and will save a lot of money and time. All reporting is generated automatically and signed electronic signature and is sent automatically online. It is ideal for individual entrepreneurs or LLCs on the simplified tax system, UTII, PSN, TS, OSNO.
Everything happens in a few clicks, without queues and stress. Try it and you will be surprised how easy it has become!

First steps in earning money

Step by step instructions for a novice trader it might look like this:

  • Acquisition of start-up capital, that is cash, which can be invested in stock trading.
  • Training in trading, stock exchange terminology, sales strategies in dealing centers, in courses, seminars, webinars, on your own.
  • Selecting the type of exchange and financial instrument for trading. Most optimal options for a beginner there will be trading in stocks and currencies.
  • Determining the strategy of playing on the stock exchange and the type of trading based on the time of holding an open position. Here, to begin with, you should give preference to investing and trading, as well as day trading and medium-term trading.
  • Choosing a broker - an intermediary for entering the stock exchange, who will provide software, help you understand financial instruments and trading platforms, and start trading competently. The main criteria for selecting a good broker are: the amount of commissions, the amount of analytical and forecasting information and services provided, the quality and cost of the software, and the reliability of the broker as a whole.
  • Implementation of the trading process on the stock exchange. After connecting the trading terminal, the process of making transactions begins. To begin with, it makes sense to practice opening demo accounts (simulators) and transactions with virtual money, which does not involve risks and obligations. What is important here is drawing up your own sales strategy and the ability to keep your emotions under control.

How to develop and grow in making a profit

Stable, long-term earnings on the stock exchange are impossible without serious development of the trader himself, his professional skills and personal qualities. A high level of sales is achieved with experience, which can take years.

The success of a stock exchange player largely depends on compliance with a number of conditions:

  • Acquiring the necessary knowledge and constant self-improvement, studying the psychology of stock trading;
  • Ability to manage your emotions. In trading, thoughtless haste and unreasonable excitement in order to make a quick profit are unacceptable, trading only out of a desire to win back, trading “at random”, like in a lottery;
  • Correctly defining a trading strategy. It is necessary to develop a system of your activities as quickly as possible and constantly follow it;
  • Development of such important qualities as self-discipline, self-control, analytical thinking, attention, organization, efficiency, determination;
  • Constantly analyzing your mistakes. There is no break-even trading; it is important to notice your mistakes in time and prevent them in the future;
  • Minimizing risks in each transaction, competent capital management. Open a deal only if the risk of losing on it is no more than 2% of the amount;
  • Holding profitable positions for as long as possible, and the ability to quickly close unprofitable ones.

Tips for those starting to make money on the MMMB exchange are given in this video:

Existing threats of such games

Trading on the stock exchange, unfortunately, obeys an immutable law: If someone wins, it means that somewhere someone lost. Therefore, losses and drawdowns are integral companions not only for beginners, but also for exchange professionals. According to statistics, only 10% of beginners successfully start their activities, while 90% always lose their first deposit.

When starting an exchange game, it is important to know that such an event is associated with risks, and the greater the profit expected, the higher the probability of loss. Most players simply do not know how to trade, make gross mistakes and miscalculations, and rely on intuition instead of competent analysis. Inexperience, immaturity, greed, and impatience are unacceptable in this type of activity.

Often cause of failure are the inflated ambitions of a beginner who does not want to spend time learning, mastering the basics of market analysis, forming his own strategy, keeping a trading diary, making forecasts and calculating risks.

One of the most profitable and highly liquid investment instruments for long-term financial investments is trading on stock market. Despite the high popularity of high-tech foreign exchanges, no less impressive results are demonstrated by the trading process on the Moscow Exchange, formed in December 2011 as a result of the merger of the RTS and the MICEX. Not only organizations, but also individuals can become bidders using the intermediary services of brokers. The Moscow Exchange Group is recognized as the largest universal exchange in Russia and throughout Eastern Europe, on the basis of which a nationwide trading system is organized in the financial, stock and derivatives markets. Exchange trading provides unlimited opportunities for attracting additional investments and effective management personal capital. Many novice traders wonder how to trade on the Moscow exchange. To start trading, it is enough to perform a number of simple operations and become familiar with the basic aspects of the exchange.

Basics of trading on the Moscow Exchange

Exchange transactions are carried out on weekdays from 10:30 to 15:00. There are over 600 Russian shares listed on the Moscow Exchange.

Trading on the stock market is carried out using the following investment instruments:

  • stock;
  • federal loan bonds, regional, corporate;
  • Eurobonds;
  • mortgage certificates;
  • depositary receipts;
  • investment shares.

On the foreign exchange market they trade the US dollar, euro, British foot, yuan, hryvnia, tenge and other currencies.

The derivatives market offers:

  • futures;
  • contracts for precious metals;
  • futures contracts for the RTS, MICEX, RVI indices;
  • options.

Private investors have access to financial instruments such as bonds, stocks, precious metals, currency pairs, options and futures. The Moscow Exchange offers a wide range of technological solutions and information products for novice traders.

Possible options for how to trade on the Moscow Exchange: transactions can be concluded directly on the Moscow Exchange or through Internet access using specialized software provided by brokers. To get started, just open an account with a brokerage company, after which you will be given access to the exchange via the Internet. On the broker's website, you need to download and install a trading terminal on your PC, which serves as a guide to the Moscow Exchange. Immediately after registration, an account will be opened, all you have to do is top it up and start making transactions. To register you will need the following information:

  • passport details;
  • e-mail;
  • phone number.

Opening and funding a trading account

How to trade on the Moscow Exchange for individuals? Full access to the exchange for individuals is possible only after opening a brokerage account. As an intermediary it is important to use reliable company providing a sufficient level of service. We recommend that you pay attention to a company that allows you to trade from one account not only on the Moscow Exchange, but also on other major international exchanges.

After choosing a brokerage company, you need to decide on a software solution for trading. In addition to desktop programs, with the development mobile devices Special applications have also been released today based on Android and iOS, which provide online access to the exchange using mobile devices. To obtain full access to the online trading system, it is recommended to seek advice from the brokerage company’s support service to select a connection protocol (API or FIX/FAST), connect with the help of a provider, test the trading terminal, undergo the certification procedure and obtain keys to access the system bidding Once you have verified that the connection is working, you must sign an access agreement.

You can top up your brokerage account using a Visa or MasterCard bank card, payment systems, online payment services via the Internet, or by payment order from a bank. More detailed information about payment methods can be found on the official website of the brokerage company where the trading account is opened.

How to trade on the Moscow Exchange: trading procedure

It is important for novice traders to take into account that successful stock trading requires at least basic financial knowledge. If you are not confident in your abilities, it is recommended to undergo basic training in the basics of trading, seminars, and master classes organized by brokerage companies. To practice your acquired knowledge, use training auctions.

Before concluding a transaction, it is important to assess possible profits and risks, analyze the market situation, and the assets of the company in which you plan to purchase shares. Analyze stock quotes over the past 3-4 years and filter out the most reliable and promising companies in terms of growth potential.

You can trade on the Moscow Exchange using two approaches:

  1. Long-term investments are intended to preserve and increase capital and have minimal risks.
  2. Speculative transactions are aimed at extracting maximum profit, but have a high degree of risk.

To consolidate your understanding of how to trade on the Moscow Exchange, it is necessary to move from obtaining a basic understanding of the process to direct practice. In this case, the practice involves opening an account with a broker (for example, in the already mentioned company) and starting trading. It is much easier to understand all the points by moving step by step directly in the direction of participating in the auction.

And stock exchange (trading). You will encounter a number of unfamiliar terms. To understand the concepts and principles of trading, use specialized literature, attend free seminars organized by brokerage companies, read analytical reviews, listen to business radio and watch business TV channels.

Choose a broker (brokerage company) who will open an account for you and provide access to exchange platforms. The broker is the accredited agent between you and the stock exchange to carry out trading transactions.

Determine which trading (program) you will work with. Most likely, yours will be able to tell you in detail about existing programs and choose the best option for you. Today the most popular trading systems are QUIK and Net Trader.

Build your own trading strategy. Decide: - under what development of the market situation you will make transactions (purchase/sale);
- what source of information will you rely on when making decisions;
- how often to make transactions;
- what exchange instruments to trade (stocks, bonds, options, futures, etc.).

When trading, follow the basic rules: - Buy securities when their quotes (prices) decrease, sell when they decrease.
- Differentiate your portfolio: buy shares of several issuers (companies whose shares are traded on the stock exchange), do not invest more than 20% of your account in one type of securities.
- Fix losses: if the value of securities in your portfolio decreases by 2% -3%, sell them, do not wait for the price to start rising. Otherwise, you may suffer significant losses.
- Set stop signals - price limits, upon reaching which a certain type of security is automatically sold by the broker in order to avoid large losses.
- If you have suffered significant losses, do not trade for several days, take a break. This will help you reduce your emotional background and return to trading with a cool head.

Develop qualities in yourself that contribute to successful trading on the stock exchange:
- the habit of planning;
- self-discipline;
- endurance and self-control;
- consistency in actions.

Video on the topic

Please note

Main Russian trading platforms:
for transactions with securities: RTS - classical and exchange markets, MICEX - stock section and government securities section, St. Petersburg Stock Exchange.
for making transactions with derivatives contracts: RTS - FORTS, MICEX - section of the derivatives market, National Commodity Exchange.

Exchange patterns:

At the end of November - beginning of February, stock prices skyrocket.
- In summer, quotes remain at the same level or fall.
- At the beginning of the month, during the holidays, quotes grow faster.
- Monday is a day when trading is sluggish.
- At noon there is a reduction in trading and a cessation of growth.

    • What types of exchanges are there?
    • Stock market strategies
    • How does a trader work?
  • 5. Conclusion

How to play on the stock exchange? Where to start? What does a newbie trader need to know? Who is a trader and what does his success in trading depend on? How realistic or dangerous is it to trade on the foreign exchange market? If these questions concern you, then after reading this article you will find answers to all these and other questions.

It is believed that Fortune smiles, first of all, on those who, having entered the stock exchange business, have gone through fire and water, experienced shocks and losses, and learned to make decisions with a minimum of information. How true is this statement? Let's try to understand the intricacies of the stock exchange business.

Dear reader, if you are interested in the topic of how to make money on Forex from scratch, what Forex is and how it works, be sure to read.

Forex trading for beginners

1. How to play on the stock exchange for beginners - is it easy?

For some, the stock exchange is like lotto: entertainment, fun, risk, and nothing more. And someone strives to the trading floor, like a bee, to collect its nectar. Some people place Napoleonic hopes on stock trading - to double their reserves and break into the world of prosperity. And for some, it’s enough to just earn a little extra money.

But, one way or another, everyone expects dividends from the stock exchange. However, getting them is not as easy as it seems from the outside. To move from zero, here, as in any business, you need special knowledge and skills.

What types of exchanges are there?

1. Commodity exchange

Commodity exchange – this is a place for the purchase and sale of various goods: precious metals (platinum, gold), agricultural crops (corn, beans, wheat), natural minerals and their derivatives (oil, gasoline), etc.

However, this does not mean that you need to buy several tons of grain and transport them to your barn. On a commodity exchange, you enter into a futures transaction that involves delivery at a future date. When purchasing a futures (concluding a transaction), you only need to pay the so-called collateral value. It is about 10-20% of the real price of the product.

You “promise” to invest the rest when the agreed delivery date arrives. After this, before this period expires, you enter into a reverse transaction: how much they bought - how much they sold . This is how you can make money on the commodity exchange without buying goods. The main advantage of this game is that it is sometimes easier to predict price movements for goods than for currency pairs or stocks.

2. Stock exchange (or securities market)

Here they trade shares, and real assets. This means that by purchasing securities of a company, you will become its shareholder and will be able to receive dividends on the purchased shares or sell them at a profit. In the Russian Federation, such transactions can be concluded, for example, on the RTS or MICEX Stock Exchange. Access to trading is obtained through brokers. They buy and sell shares on orders from traders and keep records of all operations and transactions. This is perhaps the easiest way for a beginner to make money on the stock exchange.

3. Futures exchange (or derivatives exchange)

On this site, futures contracts and options are purchased and sold. Playing on this exchange requires, just like on a commodity exchange, the payment of a guarantee. That is, you pay only a deposit amount (10-20% of the real price), having accepted the obligation to buy or sell in the future a certain number of shares for a certain price.

Subsequently, you repay this obligation with a counter contract. At the same time, you can conduct transactions with much larger contracts than on the stock exchange.

4. Forex currency exchange (Forex)

National currency is traded on this exchange. Purchase and sale are carried out at market prices, according to the exchange rate ratio prevailing on the stock exchange. By purchasing a currency pair at one price, you can later sell it for a higher price. This is the point of the game. Orders to sell or buy are placed via the Internet through trading terminals (less often by telephone). Market analytics, market news, and currency pair quotes are provided by brokers.

Stock market strategies

1. Investing

This is the most clear and simple way. You bought shares for a decent period (12 months, or even more) and are waiting for their value to increase. The main thing in this matterentrust investments to a reliable company , belonging to the category of “blue chips” (as the most liquid companies are called). It is also necessary to analyze quotes over the past 4-5 years and identify the most promising ones.

The advantage of this strategy is your “insurance” against losses. If you made a mistake and the quotes of the shares you bought went down, you will not face a loss until you sell the securities. In case of a mistake, you just need to wait for the stock prices to rise, receiving dividends on them at this time. The only disadvantage of this method of playing is that you won’t be able to earn a lot - on average from 10 % to 30 % per annum.

2. Speculation

This strategy is the most popular. It promises significantly greater profits than all other types of trading. In this case, assets are acquired for a short term, often with the expectation of margin lending. Choosing tactics Intraday, you open and close trades throughout the day. Following the same tactics Day-Trading, you conduct a trade over several days or weeks.

When speculating, they also often play “ short ": in anticipation of a decline in quotes, traders are bearish. A short trade is implemented through the use of borrowed funds from the broker.

It looks like this: you borrow a hundred shares from a broker and immediately sell them all; three hours later, the price of securities began to decline - you buy a hundred shares, return them to the broker, and keep the profit for yourself.

Even easier, short transactions are carried out on the futures (terms) market. The scheme is simple: first you buy a futures contract to sell, then you buy a futures contract to buy – and the profit is in your pocket.

Making money on Forex is similar to futures: first you sell a currency pair, then buy - the difference is yours. In this way you can earn a lot with insignificant capital. However, keep in mind: the risks in such trading are also considerable.

3. Arbitration

The essence of this trade is to find the difference between assets that are somehow related and enter into a contract that allows you to receive this difference. For example, you took stocks and futures on them. If the price of shares on the stock market has decreased, but the futures contract on the derivatives market still remains at the same level, you can purchase, say, a thousand shares at one hundred rubles and buy one futures contract to sell a thousand shares at 110 rubles. In this case, you are guaranteed a profit of 10 rubles per share, no matter where prices move.

Plus arbitration is the absence of risks. TO cons The complexity of such trading can be attributed to the complexity of such trading, which requires constant analysis of multiple markets, the search for price “scissors”, and the ability to conclude several counter contracts at lightning speed. In addition, arbitrage trading is characterized by average profitability. Even experienced arbitrageurs can count on average here 5 % - 10 % at 3-4 months.

Playing on the stock exchange - how and where to start?

First, a beginner needs to choose an exchange. Then find a broker to gain access to the game.

You need to find out the following points from your broker:

  • the amount of commission fees for carrying out transactions, using a trading terminal, maintaining accounts, servicing a broker;
  • the amount of information and services provided by the broker (analytical reviews, news, forecasts, quote archives, etc.);
  • Is it possible to work online on this exchange, through what programs can you access the exchange online, their cost;
  • method of replenishing your account and withdrawing money;
  • guarantees of broker reliability.

It would be a good idea to familiarize yourself with several brokers who provide their services on the stock exchange. Then you will have a better chance of choosing the conditions that are most optimal for you. After signing the agreement and installing the program recommended by the broker on your PC, you can start trading.

Important! Just don’t rush to use real money in the game. Ask your broker to provide you with a training demo account: it’s better to go through a “baptism of fire” with virtual money. Learn from your own mistakes - this will save you from big risks in the future.

Playing on the stock exchange - how much can you earn?

This question worries many beginners, we will give as many average values ​​as possible.

Here are the approximate amounts that experienced players can earn on various trading platforms:

  • Speculators earn 20-50% on the stock market (using margin lending, their profits can increase up to 100%);
  • 50-200% of the derivatives market is owned by players trading options and futures;
  • Arbitrageurs get 30-50%;
  • 50-500% is purchased by game participants on the Forex currency exchange

How much can you lose on the stock market?

Any exchange presents great opportunities and great risks. Luck, especially in the foreign exchange market, is a rare guest. In order not to become a loser, you need to carefully think through the game on the stock exchange, plan your Forex trading strategy, create a demo account and test it on historical quotes, especially if you are new to this business. (How to attract luck and money into your life)

Many losers who leave their money on the stock exchange lose precisely because they “rushed into battle” without going through the “training”. They overestimate their intuition and, without conducting a competent market analysis, make unforgivable mistakes and unfortunate miscalculations.

Don't follow their example: don't enter into a trade without prior preparation. Do not consider it a waste of time to study specialized literature, study magazine publications, get acquainted with relevant websites and think through Forex strategies.

Believe me, the time spent on self-education will increase your chances of success and protect you from a sad fiasco.

Definition of the term "trader"

2. Who is a trader and what does he do - the definition and essence of the profession

Translated from English, trader- This is a merchant. This is what people who trade on the stock exchange are called. Through trading operations - buying assets at low prices and selling at high prices - traders make a profit.

The assets that traders can buy and sell include:

  • goods in demand on the world market (oil, metal, grain);
  • precious metals;
  • stock;
  • contracts (futures and options);
  • currency;
  • cryptocurrencies;
  • stock indices.

Here we have listed all the main financial instruments, thanks to which traders have the opportunity to earn money by playing on the stock exchange.

How does a trader work?

The working platform of any trader is an exchange or over-the-counter market. It should be noted that since the emergence of the trading profession, its essence has changed little. Only before, the trader was personally present at the exchange and made transactions himself, but now he gives orders to brokers online, while remaining in the office or at home.

Communication between them is carried out via a trading terminal - a special program that can be downloaded and installed from the broker’s website. Receiving information from the broker, the trader analyzes fluctuations in the price of his assets, makes forecasts of possible fluctuations and opens transactions based on these forecasts.

At the same time, he uses various tools from his analytical arsenal.

It includes three main types of analysis:

  • fundamental;
  • technical;
  • computer.

The trader regulates his activities himself. He can make one deal and earn a decent amount of money, which will last for a couple of months. If you wish, you can enter into several transactions every day. You can also use trading robots, using them to carry out automatic trading. Is it true, handmade, as practice shows, is much more effective.

Despite the fact that the trader’s personal presence at the workplace is not necessary, one cannot dare to call his income passive. After all, the main factors of success are his work, the trader’s time and thinking through the Forex strategy. A broker is just a captain on a voyage whose course is charted by a trader.

A trader can work for himself or for various companies. Each of these forms of activity has its own advantages and disadvantages.

1. Working for yourself

In this case, the trader chooses his own broker, opens his own account with him, transfers personal money to it and manages it as he sees fit.

Pros (+ ):

  • all earnings go to the trader;
  • the trader plans his own working day, makes his own decisions and works at the rhythm that is convenient for him.

Cons (- ):

  • you have to risk your own funds;
  • the size of the personal amount can be very limited, and the amount of profit is directly proportional to the amount of investment.

2. Working for a company

This type of work requires formal employment. We are talking about joining the staff of a company - an investment fund, a bank, a brokerage company, a reputable corporation.

Pros (+ ):

  • since operations on the market take place on behalf of this company, its rather large funds are used;
  • the trader is assigned a certain percentage of profit from the transactions he conducts, and it is possible to establish a quite decent salary;
  • The risk of losing personal money is eliminated.

Cons (- ):

  • It’s not so easy to get a job in a decent company without achievements in independent trading;
  • limited freedom of action.

An alternative version of this form of work is the managerial activity of a trader, who manages the money of other investors and trades it to them, receiving an agreed percentage of the profits.

The main difficulty is to achieve such work: you will need to provide investors with convincing evidence of your reliability, profitable Forex strategies, the ability to increase capital, and not “melt” it in an instant, etc.

Qualities required to work as a trader

Profession of a trader in modern world is one of the most profitable, promising and attractive. In developed Western countries Such specialists are trained in institutes. In Russia, this profession can only be obtained through self-education or attending relevant courses conducted by dealing centers.

It is important to understand that the main factor for success in working as a trader is not theoretical knowledge or a unique methodology, but personal participation and the development of the right Forex strategy.

To gain practical experience without risking your savings, you can use a demo account by creating it at any brokerage company.

Demo account will convince young specialist, that to work with real amounts one cannot do without without iron self-discipline and self-control, developed analytical thinking, drawing up a Forex strategy, attention, organization, composure, efficiency, impartiality and a certain amount of courage.

How much can a trader earn?

As already mentioned, a trader’s earnings directly depend on the amount of capital used.

If you have, say, 100 thousand dollars, then this money will help you earn 100 times more than if you owned only one thousand dollars.

In other words, it is more correct to measure a trader’s income not in amounts, but as a percentage of the starting capital.

If we talk about the average profit of a trader, then when working for himself, he can receive approximately 5 % to 10 % per month from the amount available in the account. He can count on such profits with a low level of risk. Managing another investor's capital can bring in 20-50% of revenue.

Read below on how to trade Forex

3. How to play on the Forex exchange (Forex) - the basics of successful trading

Trading on Forex, which is considered the most reliable and profitable market world, cannot but attract a huge number of traders from all corners of the globe. First of all, stock exchange traders who decide to diversify (or adjust) the contents of their investment basket flock to this trading platform. Novice traders who are just learning the basics of the stock exchange business are not far behind them.

Trading on the Forex exchange is no different from working on many other markets. The rules here are the same as on a narrow-profile derivatives exchange or a classic trading or stock exchange.

How to trade on the Forex market, where to start?

The path to making money on the Forex market, as on any other exchange, lies through creating a trading account, downloading any trading platform to a personal computer, and authorizing the account in the terminal.

IN present moment The market for these services allows you to open an account with Forex capital from 10 US dollars. This is enough to open a deal to sell or buy currency. In addition to Forex trading, you can access the metals markets in the same way ( platinum, silver, gold), CFD.

By operating on the world's most liquid market with a deposit amount convenient for you, you will not just multiply your capital. You will gain invaluable experience , think over Forex strategies that will be useful to you in the future in order to successfully trade on any other exchange market. In addition, the acquired capital can be reinvested on other trading platforms, which will reduce the cost of entering into trading relations on them.

At the interbank foreign exchange Forex market there is no fixed territorial location. You can carry out any type of trading operations around the clock in real time.

So anyone who decides to master the profession of a trader on the Forex exchange must first acquire only a PC with access to the Internet.

International currency exchange Forex

At first, you need to find a suitable broker or dealing center. The professional qualities of this assistant (who can easily be considered your partner), the efficiency of his work, and his responsibility will determine your financial success or failure.

Meta Trader 5 and Meta Trader 4– the most popular versions of free trading terminals.

As soon as you learn how to use the program - a trading platform from a brokerage company, all you have to do is select the currency pair with which you will trade

Real or demo account - what to trade on?

You should not start online trading by opening a real account. This is very dangerous. You can lose everything at once. To protect you from financial risks necessary open a demo account on Forex . This simulator is completely similar to a real account. The only difference is that you will practice with virtual funds, and not real capital.

It is advisable for all newcomers to trading not to tempt fate, but to learn how to manage their own money without the risk of being left penniless by creating a demo account. At the same time, a beginner using a demo account should know that he can earn real money if he takes part in trading competitions.

Using a demo account, you can easily practice using so-called “robot experts” or “robot advisors” - automatic trading systems. Today, users have access to a fairly large selection of such programs, both paid and free.

Demo account– this is the most win-win way to start an exchange business in the Forex market. Of course, it’s up to you to decide whether to create one or immediately register a real trading account and transfer real money to it to start trading.

However, this path can only be recommended to someone who has at least 99% confident in their abilities, has acquired a lot of knowledge, has many skills, has already carefully developed a trading strategy and has experience working on a real account on the Forex currency market.

Forex Strategies

Which trading strategy should you choose?

In all Forex transactions - be it a sale or a purchase - the national currency is used as a commodity.

The main task of a trader on the stock exchange – buy currency at the minimum price and sell it as profitably as possible. To do this, you need to think through Forex strategies. The discrepancy between the cost of the product and the purchase price is the trader’s profit.

This is a trading combination in which the number of purchased contracts is greater than the number of sold ones, called in the language of traders “ long position" Exchange participants are forced to make such options by the hope that the currency will rise in price in the future and sell them at a higher income.

The so-called “ short position" It assumes that the volume of sales of a product exceeds the volume of purchases. In this case, the purchase of currency occurs with the expectation that its value will fall. Such sales also provide income from the price difference.

Both combinations can be done on Forex. Therefore, the main factor for success on this exchange is the correctly chosen lines of behavior - Forex trading strategies .

Many successful traders, using various third-party strategies, create and develop their own profitable Forex strategy in accordance with their experience and acquired knowledge

Many existing Forex trading strategies are used on the stock exchange, including the Forex currency market.

The most popular and best trading strategies are based on:

  • combinations of indicators;
  • Bollinger Bands;
  • moving averages;
  • by patterns and graphic models;
  • Fibonacci levels;
  • Ichimoku indicators;
  • Japanese candles;
  • trend trading;
  • flat trading;
  • short-term trading (“scalping”);
  • fundamental analysis (news, events, etc.)

In order to accurately plan and create a Forex trading strategy, you need to carefully study the trends and features of the foreign exchange market. This, in turn, requires an in-depth analysis of the trading situation, practical skills that are tested on training accounts.

A beginner will also benefit greatly from studying professional experience experienced traders. Brilliant calculation and practice are the main assistants of a Forex trader!

4. Having earned money on the stock exchange, increase your capital

One of the main mistakes of both beginners and experienced traders is that the money earned on exchanges is quickly spent. Of course, this is completely unreasonable, which is why truly successful traders usually use their earned capital not only back into circulation, but also into their own business.

Having your own business, you don’t have to worry about the future of exchanges and stock market performance; a real reliable business will be a big plus for you. If you don’t know where to invest your money, then we advise you to choose the real estate market. It is the most stable, reliable and easy to understand. Watch a free video course from specialist Anton Murygin on making money in real estate from scratch:

Watch a motivating video about how you can profitably invest in a real estate business:

5. Conclusion

Parting words for beginners

Impassive statistics state: 9 out of 10 new traders “they drain” the deposit and leave Forex with nothing. It’s amazing that in a market where the level of profit is simply off the charts, there is such a percentage of “losers”!

Experts came to the conclusion: The reason for the widespread failure is the inflated ambitions of the modern young man, combined with extreme infantilism. He finds it very boring to pore over textbooks, develop a unique strategy, master the basics of market analysis, open a practice demo account, keep a trading diary, make forecasts, calculate trading risks (how dangerous it is to trade with a particular strategy, etc.).

Another thing is to believe in your luck and trade at random, so to speak, playfully. Such a lightweight approach, when one rushes headlong into the abyss of the stock exchange - without any preparation, without decent starting capital, without knowing how to control oneself - leads to a quick and disappointing ending.

Therefore, instead of parting words, we will end the article useful tips for beginners.

Tip #1. Practice first, play later

Tip #2. If you want decent profits, accumulate decent capital

Tip #3. Learn to control yourself

Tip #4. Accept the possibility of loss as inevitable

Tip #5. Beware of greed and haste.

Let these tips become your guiding star and amulet. Let them lead you not only to real trading, but also to real success in trading on the foreign exchange market.

If you decide to start investing, imagine that you are going on a long car trip. And before you get behind the wheel, there are a number of important things you should consider.

Where are you going? What are your financial goals?

How long do you expect to be on the road? What is your investment horizon? Do you want profit tomorrow or are you willing to wait a few years?

What should you take with you on your trip? What would you like to invest in?

How much gasoline should I put in the tank? How much money can you allocate now and in the future to achieve your goals?

Will there be a stopover? Do you have short-term financial needs?

How long do you plan to stay at your destination? Will it be necessary to live only on investments in subsequent years or will there be additional income?

Until you have given yourself clear answers to these questions, you should not leave home. The probability of getting there, of course, remains, but the risk of getting stuck somewhere along the way is growing.

Likewise, investing does not tolerate negligence in planning. Accurate numbers in your initial plan are the key to a meaningful path later.

Like almost any long-term journey, investment requires initial capital. And there are several important points here. First, you should invest only a very small portion of your available cash in the stock market (for example, 20% of your savings). Secondly, there can be no question of “borrowing from friends, taking a loan from a bank, quickly earning 50% per annum on the market and being happy.” You cannot trade with borrowed money! Because risks are present in any case, and if you are weighed down by the need to return the initial capital to creditors, this will lead to psychological discomfort and a number of mistakes. Only for your own and only for a small part of your savings.

Step one. Education

Of course, it's difficult to drive a car if you don't know the rules traffic and generally get behind the wheel for the first time. Therefore, we recommend starting with training. To get started, read any book on stock trading. Of course, you will not learn to trade from one book - no matter how brilliant it is - just as you will not learn to write poetry by reading the colorful and understandable Primer.

For our part, we can offer a large number of educational materials on a variety of topics in a section on our website. We can also offer beginners brief instructions on which topics are best to start mastering the investment craft. To do this, you can read a special review

In addition to educational materials, if you wish, you can find a whole range of courses on the stock market for beginners. The beauty of technology is that today you don’t have to rush after work every day to attend evening in-person classes - you can take training online, often even for free. Here you can learn more about different stock market trading options.

Step two. Opening a demo account

During your first steps on the market, we recommend not to neglect demo trading. Even if the funds allow you to spend a significant amount on gaining experience and testing various strategies, there are a number of nuances that do not require material costs.

At least within training trade you will be able to study the trading terminal, see real orders, get better at it, and correct minor technical errors during testing trading ideas. And all this without risk and absolutely free.

Step three: Choose a broker and open a real account

Any time you feel you are ready for the real market, simply open an account with the broker of your choice, deposit money and start trading. However, do not rush to deposit the entire available amount: there is one important point, which is often ignored and then paid dearly by newbies, is psychology. It is this that often becomes a stumbling block for inexperienced investors. Just believe me: trading with real money is fundamentally different from trading with candy wrappers. You will inevitably encounter a number of psychological traps that will prevent you from realizing your goals. trading plans. In order to understand and overcome all psychological barriers, it is very wise to invest real money at the initial stage, but in small amounts. Even small losses will give you an idea of ​​what trading psychology is. In doing so, you will learn valuable lessons with virtually no threat to your account.

One of the most important steps is choosing a broker. Just as the choice of a car for a long trip affects the final success of the event, the choice of a broker determines the range of your options in the investment process. Choose according to parameters that you understand: ease of opening an account, commission size, initial investment amount, trading platforms, etc.

For example, BCS Broker offers beginner traders a tariff "BCS-Start", which allows you to test various company services and get acquainted with the advantages of the stock market. The tariff, for example, includes reduced commissions for the first 30 calendar days, as well as the possibility of personal consultations with the company’s stock trainers.

Opening an account today is very easy. As a rule, you don’t even need to visit the offices of brokerage companies to do this. A number of them offer to open an account online by simply attaching copies to the application necessary documents. Carefully study the relevant section on the website of the selected broker or contact by phone/Skype, etc.

When the account is opened, you need to decide software. Various companies offer their terminals for trading on the market. The most popular and functional program for work on the stock market - QUIK. There are versions of this program not only for a personal computer, but also for the web, and even iQUIK for iPhone and iPad. In any case, the broker you choose will be able to recommend a particular platform and even teach you how to use it.

Step four: Choose your strategy

At the beginning of the text, we planned a trip by car. However, it’s never too late to change your mind and get to our desired destination by public transport- bus, plane, etc. You just need to buy a ticket. When it comes to investments, you can also refuse to manage your money yourself - just sit on a bus of sorts (buy, for example, a mutual fund) and relax and watch out the window, waiting for them to take you to financial independence. The path can be winding, long, with a number of stops, and all decisions are made by the driver (manager). When you are driving a car, only you watch the road and choose the route, i.e. those financial instruments that will help you earn money, and the strategy for working with them.

As part of this approach, since 2018, BCS has been offering investors a unique innovative product - trading recommendations based on data from artificial intelligence, which are analyzed using a special software package Risk Assessment Innovative System (RAIS). To gain access to one of the most modern investment instruments, you must connect to a special tariff

Over time, you yourself will probably understand what you are missing in working on the stock exchange. You may need expert help (a broker can provide trading recommendations, and there are also a number of communities where you can